Widom and extrema lines as criteria for optimizing operating conditions in supercritical processes

Optimizing model predictive control of processes for wide ranges of operating conditions

The Widom line as the crossover between liquid-like and gas-like behaviour in supercritical fluids

According to textbook definitions1, there exists no physical observable able to distinguish a liquid from a gas beyond the critical point, and hence only a single fluid phase is defined. There are, however, some thermophysical quantities, having maxima that define a line emanating from the critical point, named ‘the Widom line’2 in the case of the constant-pressure specific heat. We determined ...

Suucient Conditions for Multiply Constrained Extrema

on a Hilbert space H. We derive suucient conditions for I to have a strong local minimum at a point y subject to the n constraints J i = 0.

Dynamics of the contacts reveals Widom lines for jamming

We experimentally study the vicinity of the jamming transition by investigating the statics and the dynamics of the contact network of a horizontally shaken bi-disperse packing of photo-elastic discs. Compressing the packing very slowly, while maintaining a mechanical excitation, yields a granular glass, namely a frozen structure of vibrating grains. In this glass phase, we observe a remarkable...

Searching for the Tracy-Widom distribution in nonequilibrium processes.

While originally discovered in the context of the Gaussian unitary ensemble, the Tracy-Widom distribution also rules the height fluctuations of growth processes. This suggests that there might be other nonequilibrium processes in which the Tracy-Widom distribution plays an important role. In our contribution we study one-dimensional systems with domain wall initial conditions. For an appropriat...